化学化工专业英语试题_化学工程与工艺专业英语阅读教程_化学工程与工艺考教师(54)

Aswithadvancedceramics,chemicalreactionsplayacrucialroleinthefabricationofceramiccomposites.Bothdefect-freeceramicfibersandoptimalchemicalbondsbetweenfiberandmatrixarerequiredforthepositestoexhibitthedesiredmechanicalpropertiesinuse.Engineeringthesechemicalreactionsinreliablemanufacturingprocessesrequirestheexpertiseofchemicalengineers.

与现代陶瓷的产生一样，化学反应在陶瓷复合材料的加工制造中也充当了关键的角色。这些复合材料要求无瑕疵的陶瓷纤维、纤维和母体间有最适当的作用力，这才能在使用中展现所预想的机械性能。在实际的制造过程中设计这样的化学反应要求化学工程师具备专业的知识。

CompositeLiquids

Afinalimportantclassofcompositematerialsisthecompositeliquids.Compositeliquidsarehighlystructuredfluidsbasedeitheronparticlesordropletsinsuspension,suctants,liquidcrystallinephases,orothermacromolecules.Anumberofcompositeliquidsareessentialtotheneedsofmodernindustryandsocietybecausetheyexhibitpropertiesimportanttospecialenduses.Examplesincludelubricants,hydraulictractionfluids,cuttingfluids,andoil-drillingmuds.Paints,coatings,andadhesivesmayalsobecompositeliquids.Indeed,compositeliquidsarevaluableinanycasewhereawell-designedliquidstateisabsolutelyessentialforproperdeliveryandaction.5．复合液体

最后一类重要的复合材料是复合液体。复合液体是高结构液体，以悬浮液、表面活性剂、液晶相或其它大分子与固体微粒或液滴组成。许多复合液体对现代工业和社会都是必不可少的，因为它们表现出来的性质对一些特殊用途是非常重要的。这些用途包括润滑剂、水力牵引液体以及油田钻井泥浆，油漆、涂料和粘合剂也可能是合成液体。确实，在任何情况下，如果好的液体状态对某种传递和反应是重要的，那么合成液体就是有价值的。

Chemicalengineershavelongbeeninvolvedwithmaterialsscienceandengineering.Thisinvolvementwillincreaseasnewmaterialsaredevelopedwhosepropertiesdependstronglyontheirmicrostructureandprocessinghistory.Chemicalengineerswillprobethenatureofmicrostructure—howitisformedinmaterialsandwhatfactorsareinvolvedincontrollingit.Theywillprovideanewfusionbetweenthetraditionallyseparateareasofmaterialssynthesisandmaterialsprocessing.Andtheywillbringnewapproachestotheproblemsoffabricatingandrepairingcomplexmaterialssystems.