化学化工专业英语试题_化学工程与工艺专业英语阅读教程_化学工程与工艺考教师(22)

Aftertheseinitialactivities,themajorpiecesofequipmentandthesteelsuperstructureareerected.Heatexchangers,pumps,compressors,piping,instrumentsensors,andautomaticcontrolvalvesareinstalled.Controlsystemwiringandtubingarerunbetweenthecontrolroomandtheplant.Electricalwiring,switches,andtransformersareinstalledformotorstodrivepumpsandcompressors.Astheprocessequipmentisbeinginstalled,itisthechemicalengineer’sjobtocheckthatitisallhookedtogetherproperlyandthateachpieceworkscorrectly.

完成了第一步，就开始安装设备的主要部分以及钢铁上层建筑。要装配热交换器、泵、压缩机、管道、测量元件、自动控制阀。控制系统的线路和管道连接在控制室和操作间之间。电线、开关、变换器需装备在马达上以驱动泵和压缩机。生产设备安装完毕后，化学工程师的职责就是检查它们是否连接完好，每部分是否正常工作。

Thisisusuallyaveryexcitingandrewardingtimeformostengineers.Youareseeingyourideasbeingtranslatedfrompaperintoreality.Steelandconcretereplacesketchesanddiagrams.Constructionistheculminationofyearsofworkbymanypeople.Youarefinallyonthelaunchpad,andtheplantisgoingtoflyorfizzle!Themomentoftruthisathand.

对大部分工程师来说这通常是一个令人激动、享受成功的时候。你将看到自己的创意由图纸变为现实。钢铁和混凝土代替了示意图和表格。建筑是许多人多年辛劳的结果。你终于站到了发射台上，工厂将要起飞还是最后失败。揭晓的那一刻即将到来。

Oncethecheck-outphaseiscomplete,“startup”begins.Startupistheinitialcommissioningoftheplant.Itisatimeofgreatexcitementandround-the-clockactivity.Itisoneofthebestlearninggroundsforthechemicalengineer.Nowyoufindouthowgoodyourideasandcalculationsreallyare.Theengineerswhohaveworkedonthepilotplantandonthedesignareusuallypartofthestartupteam.

测试阶段一旦完成，“运转阶段”就开始了。启动是工厂的首项任务，是令人兴奋的时刻和日夜不停的工作。这是化学工程师最好的学习机会之一。现在你可以了解你的构思和计算究竟有些什么好。参与中试车间和设计工作的工程师通常也是启动队伍中的人员。

Thestartupperiodcanrequireafewdaysorafewmoths,dependingonthenewnessofthetechnology,thecomplexityoftheprocess,andqualityoftheengineeringthathasgoneintothedesign.Problemsarefrequentlyencounteredthatrequireequipmentmodifications.Thisistimeconsumingandexpensive:justthelostproductionfromaplantcanamounttothousandsofdollarsperday.Indeed,therehavebeensomeplantsthathaveneveroperated,becauseofunexpectedproblemswithcontrol,corrosion,orimpurities,orbecauseofeconomicproblem.