pragmatics？anthropology？CiteSeerX Citation Query Psycholingu(2)

"... Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded uring recognition tasks for spoken words alone (items) or for both words and the voice of the speaker (sources). Neither performance nor ERP measures suggested that voice information was retrieved automatically during the item-recognition task. In both t ..."

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Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded uring recognition tasks for spoken words alone (items) or for both words and the voice of the speaker (sources). Neither performance nor ERP measures suggested that voice information was retrieved automatically during the item-recognition task. In both tasks, correctly recognized old words elicited more positive ERPs than new words, beginning around 400 ms poststimulus onset. In the source task only, old words also elicited a focal prefrontal positivity beginning about 700 ms. The prefrontal task effect did not distinguish trials with accurate and inaccurate voice judgments and is interpreted as reflecting the search for voice information i memory. More posterior recording sites were sensitive to the successful recovery of voice or source information. The results indicate that word and voice information were retrieved hierarchically and distinguish retrieval attempt from retrieval success. Everyone has had the experience of remembering a fact without being able to recall how it was learned. Remember-ing the source of one's knowledge is not always important, but in some cases, it may be critical for one's subsequent

Meaning and modality: Influences of context, semantic memory organization, and perceptual predictability on picture processing

by Kara D. Federmeier, Marta Kutas - Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 2001

"... Using event-related potentials (ERPs), the authors investigated the influences of sentence context, semantic memory organization, and perceptual predictability on picture processing. Participants read pairs of highly or weakly constraining sentences that ended with (a) the expected item, (b) an unex ..."

Abstract - Cited by 39 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart

Using event-related potentials (ERPs), the authors investigated the influences of sentence context, semantic memory organization, and perceptual predictability on picture processing. Participants read pairs of highly or weakly constraining sentences that ended with (a) the expected item, (b) an unexpected item from the expected semantic category, or (c) an unexpected item from an unexpected category. Pictures were unfamiliar in Experiment 1 but preexposed in Experiment 2. ERPs to pictures reflected both contextual fit and memory organization, as do ERPs to words in the same contexts (K. D. Federmeier & M. Kutas, 1999). However, different response patterns were observed to pictures than to words. Some of these arose from perceptual predictability differences, whereas others seem to reflect true modality-based differences in semantic feature activation. Although words and pictures may share semantic memory, the authors ' results show that semantic processing is not amodal. Words (visual or auditory) and pictures are both physical objects that, through experience, have come to be associated with information not explicitly contained in the physical form of the word or picture itself. In this sense, both pictures and words can be thought of as symbols, or objects that "stand for " information that they do

Early language Development And Its Neural Correlates

by Elizabeth Bates, Donna Thal, Barbara Finlay, Barbara Clancy , 1992

"... ..."

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When language Meets Action: The Neural Integration of Gesture and Speech

by Roel M. Willems, Aslı Özyürek, Peter Hagoort - CEREBRAL CORTEX , 2006