kclo3 河南高考寒假全日制补习班哪家靠谱(6)

2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑

2Al+6H2SO4(浓)===Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O(Al,Fe在冷,浓的H2SO4,HNO3中钝化)

Al+4HNO3(稀)===Al(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2OAl+4H++NO3–=Al3++NO↑+2H2O

2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2↑2Al+2OH–+2H2O=2AlO2–+3H2↑

2Fe+3Br2===2FeBr33Fe+2O2Fe3O42Fe+O22FeO (炼钢过程)

Fe+I2FeI2

Fe+S FeS (FeS既能由单质制备，又能由离子制备)

3Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H2↑

Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H2↑Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2↑

Fe+CuCl2===FeCl2+CuFe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu↓

Fe+SnCl4===FeCl2+SnCl2(铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全还原为单质锡Fe+SnCl2==FeCl2+Sn↓Fe+Sn2+=Fe2++Sn↓

三．非金属氢化物(HF,HCl,H2O,H2S,NH3)金属氢化物(NaH)

1、还原性:

4HCl(浓)+MnO2MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O

4H++2Cl–+MnO2Mn2++Cl2↑+2H2O

4HCl(浓)+PbO2PbCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O

4H++2Cl–+PbO2Pb2++Cl2↑+2H2O

4HCl(g)+O22Cl2+2H2O

16HCl+2KMnO4===2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2↑+8H2O

16H++10Cl-+2MnO4–=2Mn2++5Cl2↑+8H2O

6HCl+KClO3==KCl+3Cl2↑+3H2O

6H++5Cl–+ClO3–=3Cl2↑+3H2O

14HCl+K2Cr2O7===2KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2↑+7H2O

14H++6Cl–+Cr2O72–=2Cr3++5Cl2↑+7H2O

2H2O+2F2===4HF+O2

2HCl+F2=2HF+Cl2(F2气与HCl、HBr、HI、H2S、NH3气体不能共存)

2HBr+Cl2=2HCl+Br2(Cl2气与HBr、HI、H2S、NH3气体不能共存)

2H2S+3O2(足量)2SO2+2H2O2H2S+O2(少量) 2S↓+2H2O

2H2S+SO2===3S↓+2H2OH2S+H2SO4(浓)===S↓+SO2↑+2H2O

3H2S+2HNO3(稀)===3S↓+2NO↑+4H2O

3H2S+2H++2NO3–=3S↓+2NO↑+4H2O

5H2S+2KMnO4+3H2SO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+5S↓+8H2O

5H2S+2MnO4–+6H+=2Mn2++5S↓+8H2O

3H2S+K2Cr2O7+4H2SO4===Cr2(SO4)3+K2SO4+3S↓+7H2O

3H2S+Cr2O72–+8H+===2Cr3++3S↓+7H2O

H2S+4Na2O2+2H2O===Na2SO4+6NaOH

H2S+4Na2O2+2H2O=8Na+++

2NH3+3CuO 3Cu+N2+3H2O

2NH3+3Cl2===N2+6HCl8NH3+3Cl2===N2+6NH4Cl

NH3+NaNO2+HCl==NaCl+N2↑+2H2O