kclo3 河南高考寒假全日制补习班哪家靠谱(5)
S+6HNO3(浓)H2SO4+6NO2↑+2H2O
S+4H++6==6NO2↑+2H2O+
3S+4HNO3(稀) 3SO2+4NO↑+2H2O
3S+4H++43SO2+4NO↑+2H2O
N2+O22NO
4P+5O2P4O10(常写成P2O5)
2P+3X22PX3(X表示F2,Cl2,Br2)PX3+X2PX5
P4+20HNO3(浓)4H3PO4+20NO2↑+4H2O
C+2F2CF4C+2Cl2CCl4
C+O2(足量)CO22C+O2(少量) 2CO
C+CO22COC+H2O CO+H2(生成水煤气)
2C+SiO2Si+2CO(制得粗硅)
Si(粗)+2Cl2SiCl4(SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl)
Si(粉)+O2SiO2Si+C SiC(金刚砂)
Si+2NaOH+H2O==Na2SiO3+2H2↑(Si+2OH+H2O=+2H2↑)
3、歧化反应
Cl2+H2O==HCl+HClO(加碱或光照促进歧化:(Cl2+H2OH++Cl–+HClO)
Cl2+2NaOH==NaCl+NaClO+H2O(Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)
Cl2+2Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O(Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)
3Cl2+6KOH(浓)5KCl+KClO3+3H2O(3Cl2+6OH–5Cl–+ClO3–+3H2O)
3S+6NaOH2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O(3S+6OH–2S2–+SO32–+3H2O)
4P+3KOH(浓)+3H2O==PH3↑+3KH2PO2(4P+3OH–+3H2O==PH3↑+3H2PO2–)
11P+15CuSO4+24H2O==5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4
3C+CaO CaC2+CO↑
3C+SiO2SiC+2CO↑
二.金属单质(Na,Mg,Al,Fe,Cu)的还原性
2Na+H22NaH 4Na+O2==2Na2O2Na2O+O22Na2O2
2Na+O2Na2O22Na+S==Na2S(爆炸)
2Na+2H2O==2NaOH+H2↑2Na+2H2O=2Na++2OH―+H2↑
2Na+2NH3==2NaNH2+H2↑2Na+2NH3=2Na++2NH2―+H2↑
4Na+TiCl44NaCl+Ti Mg+Cl2MgCl2Mg+Br2MgBr2
2Mg+O22MgOMg+S MgS
2Cu+S Cu2S(Cu2S只能由单质制备)
Mg+2H2O Mg(OH)2+H2↑
2Mg+TiCl4Ti+2MgCl2Mg+2RbCl MgCl2+2Rb
2Mg+CO22MgO+C2Mg+SiO22MgO+Si
Mg+H2S==MgS+H2
Mg+H2SO4==MgSO4+H2↑(Mg+2H+=Mg2++H2↑)
2Al+3Cl22AlCl3
4Al+3O2===2Al2O3(常温生成致密氧化膜而钝化,在氧气中燃烧)
4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg(铝汞齐)
4Al+3MnO22Al2O3+3Mn2Al+Cr2O3Al2O3+2Cr(铝热反应)
2Al+Fe2O3Al2O3+2Fe2Al+3FeO Al2O3+3Fe
2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2↑2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑
也不差哪12海里