中学体育教案格式 参考( 【本文】第一篇初中体育与健康教学论文范文参考)
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初中体育与健康教学第一篇范文参考:美国学校体育教学研究
研究发现,青少年时期的技能水平与成年时期的活动水平高度相关。 12 岁之前参加集体运动也与成年后的活动水平高度相关。为青少年提供高质量的体育教育,提高他们的运动技能。并且自信对以后参加体育活动有积极的影响。本文对美国学校体育教学进行系统研究,希望对我国学校体育改革有所启发。
美国的体育教育是在NASPE国家体育锻炼标准指导下进行的。在国家体育锻炼标准的指导下,各州为学校和体育教师制定了自己的教学大纲,作为课程设置和教学内容选择的参考。美国国家体育锻炼标准的出发点是学生:“应该知道什么,可以做什么”。 《标准》提出将参加体育活动作为一种生活方式。相信对学生进行体育教育的最终目的是让学生养成良好的健康健身习惯,随着学生的成长,形成良好的生活方式。 《标准》更详细地描述了高质量的体育教育,认为高质量的体育教育必须能够提高学生的身体素质、健康相关的体质、责任感,让学生享受体育锻炼的过程,从而达到终身体育教育的目标。指出高质量的体育教育包括:学习机会、有意义的内容、合适的教学方法。
美国课程结构钻图对应小学、初中、高中的教学内容。小学阶段是基础阶段,初中阶段是广泛培养兴趣和探索发展可能性的阶段,高中阶段是发展专长的阶段。美国是国外体育教育内容最灵活的国家之一。教学内容丰富,内容规定详细,可操作性强,教师选择余地大。美国的体育教育分为基本运动技能教学、体育项目教学和战术教学。基本运动技能教学对运动的概念和基本运动技能有明确的定位。在基本运动技能教学过程中,注重学生学习的过程:预控、控制、熟练、熟练;学生分为初学者、高级初学者和高级初学者。中级学者和高级学者任教。各级学习者的学习内容经过精心划分,教学内容层次清晰,有利于教师根据学生情况进行选择性教学。体育教学主要采用竞技体育教育模式,让学生广泛接触竞技体育中的各种角色,贴近学生的真实生活,有利于学生养成健康的生活方式。
美国的学校体育除了教授运动技能外,还教授健身和保健。体能内容从与健康相关的肌肉力量和耐力、柔韧性、循环系统功能和身体成分等方面讲授。 美国学校体育中的保健内容从营养、安全、个人和社会责任、心理和情绪健康。美国在教学评价方面下了很大功夫。小学、初中和高中有专门的评价系统。我们需要进一步研究。
初中体育与健康教学范文二:我国基础教育实施体育新课程的效果研究
本论文以研究体育新课程在我国基础教育中的实施效果为课题,结合我国当前体育课程改革为背景。
自2001年以来,我国基础教育体育新课程实施已实施10年。新课程实施10年,意味着完成了第一个启动、试验、深化、推广的循环,正逐步走向新一轮总结、深化、创新的阶段。及时了解我国基础教育体育新课程的实施现状,以及课程改革过程中师生的积极变化,诊断改革过程中出现的问题,为学生提供反馈和反馈。进一步深化体育课程改革。参考。同时,可以反映和完善传统的体育课程和教学理论,不断丰富和发展学校体育的相关理论,为学校体育思想宝库增添新的内容。因此,对近10年来体育课程改革取得的成果和存在的问题进行全面深入的研究和总结显得尤为必要。
课程评价研究在80年代后期成为我国课程理论研究的一个重要领域,至今只有20年的历史。课程评价是一个比较有争议的话题。它被定义为没有经过测试的课程不值得学习的课程。泰勒还认为,课程评价是检验学生的实际变化和课程目标的实现程度,是课程研究中不可或缺的重要组成部分。不同时期的学者对课程评价的概念不同,因此很难对课程评价的概念给出统一的解释,但我们可以看出,它们至少都包括以下三点:一是收集和处理信息;二是检验课程的应用效果是否与课程目标一致;第三中学体育教案格式 参考,课程评价的过程和结果将为今后课程改革的进一步发展提供重要的支撑材料。
课程的实施是多维的。用单一指标进行评估并不全面。需要多个指标从不同维度进行评价。这就要求研究人员使用多种评价工具,从不同方面收集数据。当然,世界上还没有最完整的衡量课程实施效果的工具。每种研究方法都有其优缺点,也有其特定的适用范围。本文在文献查阅、问卷调查、定量分析的基础上进行。采用表测法和实地测法对我国基础教育新体育课程改革的实施效果进行评价。理论与实践相结合,从多角度评价我国体育课程的实施效果。
全文共分7章:第一部分为研究综述部分。介绍了选题依据、研究意义、研究目的、研究路线和研究方法。第二部分是文献综述课程意义、体育课程意义、本体育课程改革的特点、课程评价的意义、教师的变化、学生的变化,以及体育学校的理论研究、发展模式和实践。基于课程。第三部分是使用“教师注意力导向采用模型”量表对教师阶段实施情况进行测量和评价。一是SoCQ量表,衡量教师课程实施的心理发展阶段;另一个是LOU的案例研究,它衡量了教师课程实施行为的阶段。第四部分是利用学生和教师调查问卷对体育课程实施水平进行评估。五部分是对课堂测量工具的系统观察,以检验体育课堂教学的效果,主要包括三点。一种是学生的“On-Task”测试表,用来评估老师是否建立了良好的课堂秩序;二是学生的成功率,评价老师的课堂目标是否考虑了学生个体水平的差异?三是SOFIT测试,旨在评估学生的活动水平、教师的课堂环境和教师干预的效果。第六部分是计步器,用于测量学生在体育课上的MVPA运动时间。第七部分是总体结论和研究展望,主要根据本人的研究提出其不足和未来的研究方向。
通过以上研究,可以得出以下结论。
(1)学生问卷调查结果显示,学生对体育学习的态度发生了变化。学生不仅喜欢体育,现在也喜欢体育课。学生对体育课的价值有了更全面的认识。学生充分认识到健康性的重要性。学生的体育行为发生了积极的变化,积极参与体育活动。学生不仅自己积极参加体育活动,还带领家长一起参加体育活动。学生的教学方法、教学内容和体育老师的教学评价都让我很满意,取得了很好的教学效果 Level2、level3、level4 运动态度、运动行为变化、对体育老师的满意度几乎没有差别。从省市对比看,江苏、上海、福建、天津、广东、安徽、北京、四川n及其他省市学生对体育学习的态度、运动行为的改变、对体育教师的认可程度略高于其他省市。
(2)教师问卷调查结果显示体育教师的课程观念发生了变化,对“健康第一”的认识位居第一。教学观念发生了积极变化,教与学的比重发生了变化. . 教学方式变了,教学方式实用适用,注重培养体育课堂氛围,注重因材施教,注重多种教学方式的运用。开发本地资源,注重校本课程的开发,注重学生的基础技能和基本技能的提高。教学目标。体育教师更注重教师评价、学生学习的有机结合。自我评价和相互评价。
(3)",SoCQ",测试结果表明,我国体育课程实施水平已进入第五阶段的“合作”阶段,课程实施效果明显。 11-15岁的体育教师最好,基本进入了第6阶段“重新聚焦”阶段,“LOU”测试水平结果表明,我国体育教师新课程实施水平已达到“合作”6级,进入7级“更新”阶段。男性体育教师的体育课程实施水平略高于女性体育教师。研究结果还表明,如由于学习规模、学校历史、学校人数和领导支持也是体育课程实施的重要因素。
(4)学生",on-task",课堂测试结果显示我国学生"on-task"率95.12%,略高于学生",on-任务”,BTPS规定率95%,证明体育教师课堂组织有序,学生课堂秩序良好,体育新课程实施效果显着。 -task”,比例略高于4级学生的任务率,说明2级体育教学效果优于4.级
(5)学生运动参与成功率班级测试结果显示,我国学生体育参与成功率为81.13%,略高于国家规定的80%学生体育参与成功率BTPS,说明体育教师在体育教学中注重激发学生对运动的兴趣和个体差异,体育教师课堂教学水平较高。3级体育课堂教学效果优于一级1.
(6)体育课学生MVPA练习时间与上课时间的比例为53.6%,达到BTPS体育课至少50%上课时间的标准。可见我国体育课堂学生的运动量和运动时间达到了体育锻炼的效果,促进了学生的身体健康,教师课堂管理时间与课时的比例为17.88%,已达到15- BTPS体育课堂管理时间占课时的比例为20%,体育教师课程规划合理,教师知识讲解时间为17.48%,略高于确定的10-15%按照BTPS标准,提醒我国体育教师在知识讲解方面需要进行强化讲解和练习,平均练习时间为22.67%,学生技能练习平均时间为22. 31%,符合BTPS 的 20% 标准。这说明在体育课堂中,教师更注重基本功以达到学习目标 基本功的教学。从研究结果来看,5级学生的MVPA运动参与时间、运动参与体能和技能实践时间需要加强,教师教学计划需要进一步从以教师为中心向以学生为中心转变。
(7)pedometer测试我国初中一年级学生MVPA的平均步频为71.92步/分钟,略大于50%的分水岭完成体育活动所需的时间。71.81步数/分钟,学生的步频集中在65.3-73.2步/分钟,说明我国体育课程改革具有重大意义效果。
(8)我国体育课程实施效果普遍优于农村。江苏、上海、福建、天津、广东、安徽、北京、四川等省市的实施效果较好体育课程。
初中体育与健康教学范文范文之三:中国近代中小学体育教材历史变迁研究
教材反映了国家的主流文化和意识形态,是传承人类文明的重要工具。教材文本具有重要的研究价值。本文回顾了近代以来我国中小学体育教材的历史变迁。同期体育教科书发展的特点总结了体育教科书演变与规避的相关规律和经验。主要研究结论如下:
(1)中国近代体育敦科书,在西学改革的冲击下,随着现代体育课程的萌芽和兴起,它出现在历史舞台上。教育课程产品也是西方体育文化传入我国的体现和载体。
(2)中国近代体育教材从晚清到民国时期,内容经历了从“体操”到“体育”的飞跃。1922年新学制颁布前,内容体育教科书以普通体操和军事体操为主。主要:新学制后,田径、球炎、体操、比赛和武术成为体育教科书的主要内容。
(3)新中国体育教材发展呈现出鲜明的阶段性特征:1949-1985年是第一代体育课程,国家体育教材编写时代:1986-1999体育教材进入快速发展时期发展,从“一纲一书”的“国*”时代转变为“一纲多书”的“考*”时代:1990年后,体育教材进入了新一轮的课程改革。这是第三代体育课程深化改革的阶段。
(4)我国现代体育教科书的发展演变,是社会政治、经济、文化、教育、体育等多方面相互作用和制约的结果,是国家意志的体现。同时,体育教科书的发展也有其相对独立性,会受到教科书自身发展过程中总结和积累的经验、规律等“内在逻辑”的影响。
(5)中国现代体育教科书经历了从“体操”到“体育”,再到名称“运动与健康”的演变;在发展模式上,经历了从“常态”到“运动”的演变从“本土化探索”到“国际化发展”的三阶段模式:内容选择上力求统一,高度统一后逐渐增加灵活性和多样性的过程;经历了审查制度的变化“考*”到“国*”,回到“考*”的过程:学习对象经历了“以日本为师”,“以欧美为师”,再到“以日本为师”俄罗斯为师”,最终进入学习口语书、美国等众多家长先进经验的过程。
(6)近今日中国中小学体育教材 体育教材的整体水平随着时代的发展不断进步*,表明体育教材从关注体育教材的社会价值到关心个人发展,从“教科书”到“教材”,从“以教师为中心”到“以学生为中心”的转变,以促进学生身心全面发展为目标。
初中体育与健康教学论文范文之四:从体育教科书、专着看体育教育思想的演变
本文以体育教科书和体育专着为研究材料,以理论基础为切入点,提炼其中包含的体育思想,梳理出相应的演变脉络。更真实的理解。本文的基本立场是坚持以竞赛为主导的体育整体观。
我们在考察中小学体育课本时,特别关注当时的体育课程标准或体育教学大纲,因为这些是编写课本的指导思想。学校体育教材的考核主要是梳理主流体育教学理念的演进路径。近百年来学校体育的发展大致分为军事正义时期、自然主义时期、政治为基调时期、增强体质时期、健康的主导地位,并对当时的教科书进行了详细的检查。在体育教材考试前,我们仔细区分了体育理论的核心部分,明确了以体育基础理论为主要考试内容的原则,将其分为体育教育、运动训练、和体育投机。各部分选用的教材基本涵盖各个历史时期。最后,简要概述体育运行理论和体育新兴学科教材被认为不是体育理论的核心理论。与教科书的千篇一律相比,体育专着更具意识形态性。因此,运动的思想更加多样化,选择也比较多。我们仍然主要考察体育教育、体育训练和体育投机三个领域,然后加入体育史领域作为必要的补充,分别选出最具代表性的。本次将重点审查官制以外的学术著作,特别是具有独特思想内涵的学术著作。通过对比可以看出,体育思想的学术杰作不在官方体系中。但在那些独立思考的自由著作中。
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梳理体育思想的演变是本文的收尾阶段。在此之前,我们利用李泽厚的实践理性理论,深入探讨了实践理性的心理结构、民族文化心理结构及其与中国体育的关系。我们认为,着眼于实际是中国人思考体育的基本出发点。这是中国体育的基本特征,而这恰好是其最大的局限,应尽量避免。我们认为,体育是一种完全超越实际的正式比赛,其最高境界在于不断超越。我们梳理体育思维演化的基本思路是从宏观和具体两个层面对体育思维、体育教学思维、体育训练思维的演化脉络进行总结梳理。体育思维演变的基本图景是建立在地方体育观念的基础上的。它由与西化体育理念的不断博弈构成,体现了中西文化的根本对立。军事民族思想向自然体育思想转变的时期,经历了军事与民族体育思想、自然主义与民族体育思想对立的阶段;与政治思潮和养生保健的大起大落时期,经历了强身健体、普及提高理念的演变、大体育理念与“真”理念的对立。体育”,以及人文体育理念和人文奥林匹克理念的泛滥。看看这些主流运动。这个想法不是将体育视为政治工具或医疗保健手段。它要么小而实用,快速成功,要么大而通用,包罗万象。它独立于政府,不受政治倾向和医疗保健的约束,完全超脱。实用的运动思维,无非就是不加强体力的思维。这种不以任何实际利益为目的的纯学术思想,对体育提出了独特的理解,具有明显的“民间学习”特征。体育思想的演化路径源于体质论与技能论的矛盾,也是体育思想在教学领域对立的反映。主流教学思想经历了“技能理论长期占主导地位”、“物理理论落后”、“健康理论强势推进”等阶段。主流之外是“做某事不做某事的技术健身理论”,依然秉持着不踏实的理念,与强身健体的思想有着同样的精神气质。与体育教育思维相比,运动训练思维的形成时间不长。长,它的进化脉络比较清晰。它基本上是顽固的“通训与专训相结合”的传统主流培训理念,以及提倡专科培训的“一元”培训理念与“相对与当下”培训理念的对立。相比之下,传统的主流培训理念是死板和过时的,而专业培训理念则更具活力。纵观中国体育思想的演进路径,官方意志始终处于主导地位,体育成为实现各种现实诉求的手段。不受它支配的思想基本被排除在主流之外,要么被忽视,要么被屏蔽。
结语部分包括主要结论、主要建议、主要创新和主要局限四个部分。主要有以下三个结论。第一,实践理性是主流体育思想的文化根源;第二,体育不属于中华文明固有的文化风格;第三,文化对立是体育理念演变的内在动力。主要建议是:第一,武术和运动,武术和健身不要混为一谈;第二,竞技运动和健身运动不能完全分开;第三,政府应拓宽学术争论的氛围和平台。我知道,这项研究虽然广泛查阅了体育教科书和专着,仔细梳理了体育思想的演变脉络,但不可避免地存在一定的个人存在。由于这些理解上的限制,文章中的一些观点难免会引起争议甚至不当。所以,虚心听取不同意见,不断改进不足是我最大的心愿。
初中体育与健康教学第五篇论文格式:学校体育课程体系研究
21世纪的教育是一门综合性的教育,培养能认、能做、能生存、能共处的“完整人”。综合教育需要综合课程,综合课程促进综合教育的发展。课程作为教育发展和改革的核心要素,要适应教育的需要,体现全面性、连续性和整体性的特点。学校体育课程作为课程的重要组成部分,是整个教育体系中时间最长的课程,也占有重要的地位,能够产生巨大影响的课程之一,是由课程目标、课程内容、课程实施和课程评价。它是体育文化知识的载体,是实现学校体育教学目标的基本途径。 The study of the system can adapt to changes in the diversity of demand for talents in social development, conform to the trend of school physical education curriculum reform, and meet the needs of the scientific development of school physical education curriculum. It is an important content of school physical education curriculum construction 一.
In the research process of this paper, the literature method, survey method, mathematical statistics method and analysis method are mainly used.
Using literature research methods, drawing on system theory, curriculum theory and other related theories to demonstrate the constituent elements of the school physical education curriculum system and the nature of the school physical education curriculum; 8 elementary school physical education syllabuses (curriculum standards) promulgated after the founding of the People’s Republic of China , 7 middle school physical education syllabus (curriculum standards) and 5 higher school physical education guidance outlines in the development and evolution of physical education curriculum objectives, curriculum content, curriculum evaluation integrity, system and level analysis; physical education curriculum research Relevant literature results are reviewed; 1370 physical education teachers and 7971 students in 7 provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government) were surveyed by a questionnaire to understand the current situation of school physical education curriculum. Conclusion:
A study combed the main components of the school physical education curriculum system, including physical education curriculum goals, curriculum content, curriculum implementation, and curriculum evaluation, and clarified the relationship between the main components and the content they contain. Performance as:
School physical education curriculum goal is the core of physical education curriculum. It is composed of vertical school stage goals, horizontal field goals and internal structure content goals. It is systematic, holistic, specific, hierarchical and adaptable; school physical education The content of the course is the foundation of the physical education curriculum, and is the sum of the knowledge system composed of the basic theories of physical education and sports technical skills; the implementation of the school physical education curriculum is the way to realize the physical education curriculum, which is composed of the subject of the curriculum implementation, the implementation path, the implementation environment and the implementation effect The curriculum practice action; school physical education curriculum evaluation is the supervision, feedback and guarantee of physical education curriculum, and it is a complete evaluation mechanism composed of physical education curriculum teaching materials evaluation, process evaluation, effect evaluation and environmental evaluation.
The second study demonstrated that the school physical education curriculum is a "skillful" comprehensive curriculum with distinct disciplinary characteristics; physical activity belongs to the cognitive knowledge of the body, and is the main content of sports culture. It is proposed that the primary goal of the physical education curriculum should be Dissemination of sports culture-that is, to teach sports technical skills and knowledge, sports courses must be selected and reasonably organized in the content of the courses; physical education curriculum evaluation is positioned at the school level, and content indicators for sports curriculum evaluation are drawn up.
Thirdly, it analyzes the development, evolution and status quo of the main elements of the school physical education curriculum system, and expounds the historical development characteristics of each element of the physical education curriculum system and current existing conditions and problems.
(一) The study of the school physical education curriculum objectives from the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China to 2000 found that the curriculum objectives have certain systematic and holistic characteristics, which are consistent with the social background and educational thoughts of different periods; but the level of the curriculum objectives Sexuality and progressiveness are not clear; the form of representation is single, mainly based on "universal goals"; the internal structure of physical education curriculum goals is not clear, and it is difficult to distinguish cognitive goals, experience goals, and skill goals; "enhance physical fitness" It is the primary goal of the physical education curriculum. The current school physical education curriculum goals have changed significantly in level, progressiveness and representation form, but the recognition that the primary goal of the physical education curriculum is to impart knowledge of sports technical skills is still insufficient.
(二) Through the study of the school physical education curriculum content from the beginning of the founding of the country to 2000, it is found that the curriculum content is relatively stable; there is a trend of integration and increase in the curriculum form, nature and content category. According to the current situation survey, it is found that the current Physical education content, physical education teachers’ preference for curriculum content, and students’ demand for physical education curriculum content are consistent; physical education curriculum content is mainly based on modern sports events, which basically meet the needs of physical education teachers and students’ learning, but the teaching content The system is complex, and insufficient attention is paid to traditional sports and fashionable sports.
(三)The survey of the current implementation of the school physical education curriculum found that:
(1) On the subject of curriculum implementation, physical education teachers have a correct professional attitude, agree with the reform of physical education curriculum, and can accurately position the role of teachers; they have accurate understanding of the role of physical education curriculum in each school stage and can be targeted The choice of teaching mode and the preparation of physical education. However, physical education teachers have few opportunities to continue learning, and the degree of knowledge renewal is lacking. In the process of physical education teaching, the implementation of the primary goals of the physical education curriculum is not enough; the manager attaches importance to the physical education curriculum Not enough; most students like the current physical education curriculum and have a positive attitude.
(2)In terms of implementation methods, schools at all levels can set up physical education courses in accordance with regulations, and the number of hours of physical education courses is basically guaranteed to be 2 hours a week; however, physical education courses are occupied and misappropriated from time to time, and physical education courses are taught. Organizational arrangements need to be improved and perfected; regular morning exercises, inter-class exercises, and after-school sports training are carried out well, but the organization of extracurricular sports activities is relatively simple一.
(3) In terms of the implementation environment, the various systems for curriculum implementation and the text files that should be available for physical education are relatively complete; however, there are some lack of software environments such as campus sports atmosphere and teacher treatment, and investment in sports funds There are deficiencies in the hardware environment such as venues, facilities, and sports teaching materials.
(4) In terms of implementation effects, most students like and are satisfied with physical education courses and physical education teachers; students can learn some sports technical skills and knowledge through physical education courses, and cultivate students’ awareness of sports participation and social adaptability Has a certain impact.
(四) Through the study of school physical education curriculum evaluation from the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China to 2000, it is found that the evaluation of school physical education curriculum experienced a transition from "single" to "multiple", and the object of evaluation from "physical education" to "physical education curriculum". , Evaluation orientation from "target orientation" to "target orientation" and "subject orientation" combined development process, showing a trend of continuous development and improvement. Through the investigation of the status quo, it is found that school physical education curriculum evaluation is in terms of physical education evaluation and student academic evaluation Relatively mature and complete, the evaluation of physical education curriculum materials and curriculum environment is insufficient; academic evaluation takes teachers as the main body, and does not pay enough attention to the role and status of students participating in evaluation; physical education teachers’ theoretical understanding of curriculum evaluation needs to be improved in order to understand correctly The difference between curriculum evaluation, student academic evaluation and physical education evaluation.
Four countermeasures to improve the school physical education curriculum system (一)In terms of school physical education curriculum goals, put sports technical skills goals in a prominent position.
(二)体育course content to increase the content of traditional sports and fashionable sports to reflect the diversity of sports knowledge; clarify the intensive teaching part and introduction part of the course content, and give clarity in the organization of the course content Reflect.
(三)Through playing the active role of the main body of physical education curriculum implementation; effectively implementing physical education curriculum teaching, broadening and developing the ways of physical education curriculum implementation; improving physical education curriculum implementation environment and other ways to improve the effect of physical education curriculum implementation.
(四) Through the establishment of a meta-evaluation system for school physical education curriculum evaluation and a diversified evaluation subject mechanism; further improve the content and standards of physical education curriculum evaluation, and implement curriculum evaluation; strengthen the professional quality of the subject of physical education curriculum evaluation, Establish a high-level curriculum evaluation team and other methods, improve the curriculum evaluation mechanism, and improve the role and effect of curriculum evaluation.
This article is a sample essay on physical education and health teaching in junior high schools, which can be used as a reference for topic selection.
Citations in junior middle school physical education and health teaching:
[1] Junior high school sports and health teaching essay outline How to write junior high school physical education and health teaching essay outline [2] Junior high school sports and health teaching reference literature recommendation How to write junior high school sports and health teaching reference literature [3] Junior high school sports and health How to determine the topic of teaching thesis for junior high school physical education and health teaching "Junior high school physical education and health teaching thesis sample essay reference junior high school physical education and health teaching graduation thesis sample essay [selected]" word download [free]
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