烹饪专业数学---电子教案下载_沈阳烹饪专业技术学院_烹饪专业数学---电子教案下载(2)

(2)、Tobootupacomputer,youcaneitherdoawarmbootoracoldboot。(3)、Thecomputercanusethebinarynumbersystemtorepresentanycharacter。Byfar,ASCIIdevelopedinUSA,isthemostwidelyusedcode。(4)、ThemainmemoryinacomputerconsistsofRAMandROM。(5)、Amicrocomputerhasatleast640kbytesofmemory。1kbyteconsistsof1024bytes。UNITONEIntroductiontoComputersText5ComputerViruses一、Vocabulary(词汇):format：格式化shell：壳，外壳modify：修改insert：插入烹饪专业英语---电子教案下载，嵌入extension：扩展名version：版本computervirus：计算机病毒sector：扇区intrusivevirus：入侵细菌RAM(RandomAccessMemory)：随机存储器RAM-residentprogram：内存驻留程序operatingsystemvirus：操作系统病毒bootup：引导shellvirus：外壳病毒sourcecodevirus：源码病毒devicedriver：设备驱动程序sourceprogram：源程序hostprogram：主程序compile：编译wormvirus：蠕虫病毒macrovirus：宏病毒二．Importantsentences(重点句):1．Computervirusesaresmallprogramsdesignedtoreplicate(makeexactcopiesofthemselves)andspread,sometimeswithoutgivinganysignthattheyexist。

2．Computervirusescanbeclassifiedbyhowtheyinfectasystem。Therearefourmaintypesofviruses:shell,intrusive,operatingsystem,andsourcecode。3．Shellviruseswrapthemselvesaroundahostprogramanddonotmodifytheoriginalprogramcode。4．Intrusivevirusesinvadeanexistingprogramandactuallyinsertaportionoftheircodeintothehostprogram。5．Operatingsystemvirusesworkbyreplacingpartsoftheoperatingsystemwiththeirownlogic。6．SourcecodevirusesareintrusiveprogramsthatareinsertedintoasourceprogramsuchasthosewritteninPascalpriortotheprogrambeingcompiled。

三．Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish。(1)病毒：virus(2)恶性病毒：maliciousvirus(3)外壳病毒：shellvirus(4)源代码：sourcecode(5)设备驱动程序：devicedriver(6)传播：spread2．TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese。(2)、(5)、(8)3．TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7。0screenmessagesintoChinese:(2)、(5)4．MultipleChoice:(1)、A、C(注：现在的杀毒软件通常都具有病毒防火墙的功能)(2)、C5．TrueorFalse:(1)、F(2)、F(注：如1999年4月26日爆发的CIH病毒都会损坏主板或是内存)UNITONEIntroductiontoComputersText6MultimediaTechnology一、Vocabulary(词汇):animation：动画，动画片video：视频audio：声频compactdisk：光盘mouse：鼠标器soundboard：声卡mixer：混声器throughput：吞吐率multimedia：多媒体graphics：图形opticalstorage：光传输imageprocessing：图像处理CD-ROMdrive：光盘驱动器MPC(multimediapersonalcomputer)：多媒体个人电脑parallel：并行serial：串行joystickport：游戏操控杆控制端口VGA(VideoGraphicsArray)：视频图形阵列(显示卡)resolution：分辨率二、Importantsentences(重点句):1．Multimedia,whichtypicallyreferstoasynthesisofgraphics,animation,opticalstorage,imageprocessing,andsound,isnotasingletechnology,product,ormarket。

2．MPCstandsfor"multimediapersonalcomputer"。3．TherequirementsforanMPCaredescribedindetailinMicrosoft'sMultimediaPCSpecificationVersion1。0。三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish。(1)多媒体：multimedia(2)图形：graphics(3)视频：video(4)图像处理：imageprocessing(5)动画：animation(6)光盘：compactdisk3．TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7。0screenmessagesintoChinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(7)、(8)4．Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly:(2)、OA(4)、Abyteconsistof8bits。

(5)、In1946,thefirstcomputerintheworldENIACwasdeveloped。UNITONEIntroductiontoComputersText7CompactDisk-ReadOnlyMemory(CD-ROM)一．Vocabulary(词汇):digital：数字的access：存取laser：激光reserve：重新读取compactdisk：密集盘opticaldisk：(=compactdisk)光盘videoplayer：影像光盘机programmedsearch：程序搜索memoryfacility：记忆功能telephonedirectory：电话簿postaladdress：邮政地址二．Importantsentences(重点句):1．Newprogramsanddataare'burnt'ontothediscsurfacebyapowerfullaser。2．Toreadtheinformation,aweakerlaserispassedoverthesurfaceandthereflecteddistortionfromthedipsformsthedatawhichcanbeusedfor'playback'。

3．Therearetwotypes(standards)ofopticaldisks:CD-IandCD-ROM。三．Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish。(1)激光：laser(2)英寸：inch(3)只读存储器：ROM(ReadOnlyMemory)(4)搜索：search(5)记忆：memory(6)存取：access2．TranslatethefollowingscreenmessagesintoChinese。(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)3．TranslatethefollowingWindows95andDOS7。0screenmessagesintoChinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(8)4．Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly::(1)、Whatdevicesareusuallyusedassecondarymemory?Answer:harddisk,floppydisk,opticaldisk,magnetictape(2)、Whatthreecategoriesdocomputerlanguagesgenerallyfallinto?Answer:machinelanguages,assemblylanguagesandhigh-levellanguages。

(3)、Whatistheacronymforadoubledensitydiskette?Answer:DD(4)、Howmanybytesdoesa'word'inthecomputerconsistof?Answer:1,2,4ormorebytes。UNITTWOHardwareandConfigurationText1TheCentralProcessingUnit(CPU)一、Vocabulary(词汇):manufacturer：制造商performance：性能megahertz(MHz)：兆赫nanoseconds(ns)：纳秒overclocking：超频warranty：保修upgrade：升级configuration：配置，设置microcomputer：微型计算机arithmeticandlogicunit(ALU)：算术/逻辑组件(运算器)instructioncounter：指令计数器decoder：译码器super-mini-computers：超级小型机numericallycodedinstruction：数字化编码的指令high-speedstorage：高速传输器primarystorage：(=mainmemory)主存储器microprocessor-CPUbasedsystems：以微处理器为CPU的基本平台video-arcadegame：电子游戏digitalTV：数字电视二．Importantsentences(重点句):1．TheoperationsofacomputersystemarecontrolledbytheCPU,whichcontainsanarithmeticandlogicunit(ALU),aninstructioncounterandadecoder。

2．ThespeedatwhichtheCPUoperatesiscalledtheclockspeedandismeasuredinmegahertz(MHz)。3．AclockcycleisthetimethattheCPUtakestoperforminstructionsatagivenclockspeed。4．TheCPUcanoperateattwodifferentclockspeeds:aninternalspeedforoperationswithintheCPU,andanexternalspeedfortransferringdataintoandoutoftheCPU。5．Overclockingisatermgenerallyusedtodescribehowyouhaveincreasedtheclockfrequencyonyourboardtorunyoursystematahigherspeed。