复介电常数的意义 基于介电特性的鸡蛋品质无损检测研究(2)

验证模型，结果显示：蛋黄指数实测值与预测值间的决定系数 R 2 =0.9115，误差范围为±4.2%。（3）本文利用支持向量机（SVM）分类器鉴别鸡蛋品种。当相对介电常数和介质损耗因子信息融合作为样本数据，选取线性核函数时，SVM 分类器鉴别鸡蛋品种的准确率最高。优化 SVM 参数，综合考虑寻优工作时间和分类正确率两个性能指标，粒子群算法（PSO）寻优准确率最高，性能最佳。最终 SVM 分类器训练集预测正确率 95.83%，测试集预测正确率 95.83%，效果很好，有实际基于介电特性的鸡蛋品质无损检测研究II的应用意义。（4）本文利用 Visual Basic 6.0 开发设计了一款基于介电特性的鸡蛋品质检测系统，可以通过输入鸡蛋介电特性参数和基本信息数据，实现鸡蛋新鲜度预测和品种鉴别。通过测试系统，检验系统的完成度和检测准确率。结果显示对鸡蛋新鲜度指标蛋黄指数值的预测误差小于 5%，品种鉴别正确率达到 98%，达到设计要求，有一定的实际应用意义。关键字：鸡蛋品质，介电特性，蛋黄指数，品种，无损检测江苏大学硕士学位论文IIIAbstractEggs are the important nutrition food, and egg industry is the pillar of Chineseagricultural industry. At present, Chinese egg production is the first in the world. AndChinese per capita occupancy of eggs is third. China has rich resources of eggs. But inthe international market share and competitiveness, there is a big gap between Chinaand developed countries, even some parts of the third world countries. This is mainlybecause technology and means of detection and classification is backward. Therefore,it is the main work of Chinese scientific research workers to study egg quality testingand design testing equipment. For the dielectric property detection technique, theintrinsic relationship between the change of material’s electromagnetic properties andthe intrinsic component was established to realize the detection of the substance. Atpresent, the detection technology of the dielectric properties of agricultural productshas been shown to be superior, and it has been widely used.In this paper, the detection technique of dielectric properties was used for thedetection of egg quality. The parallel plate technology and dielectric characteristictesting equipment have been used. The dielectric properties of eggs with differentfreshness and different varieties were measured. The effects of frequency andfreshness on dielectric properties were studied, and the dielectric properties ofdifferent varieties of eggs were also studied. A new method based on dielectricproperties of egg freshness prediction and variety identification was proposed. Basedon the research results, an egg quality detection system based on dielectric propertieswas developed. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1) In this paper, the effects of frequency and freshness on dielectric propertiesand dielectric properties of different varieties of eggs were studied. In the testfrequency range, the dielectric properties of eggs decreased with the increase offrequency. Under the same test frequency, the relative dielectric constant increasedwith the freshness index. There were significant differences in the dielectric propertiesof different varieties of eggs.基于介电特性的鸡蛋品质无损检测研究IV(2) In this paper, a prediction model of yolk index based on relative dielectricconstant was established. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of prediction modelsat different frequencies has been compared. Frequency 1.2 kHz was optimal, and it’scoefficient of determination was optimal (R 2 =0.995). The coefficient of determinationbetween the measured and predicted values was 0.9115, and the error range was±4.2%.(3) In this paper, SVM was used to identify the varieties of eggs. The fusion dataof relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor was selected as the sample data.The linear kernel function was selected as the kernel function of SVM, and theaccuracy rate of such SVM was the highest. Then the SVM parameters wereoptimized. Two performance indexes were considered, which were optimal workingtime and classification accuracy. PSO was the optimal selection, and the predictionaccuracy in the training set and the test set were both 95.83%.(4) In this paper, an egg quality detection system based on dielectric propertieswas developed by using Visual Basic 6.0. The egg freshness and variety identificationcould be achieved by inputting the parameters of egg dielectric properties and basicinformation to the system. The system was tested to verify the system's completionand detection accuracy. The tested results showed that the prediction error was lessthan 5%, and the classification accuracy was up to 98%.Keywords: egg quality, dielectric properties, yolk index, variety, nondestructivetesting江苏大学硕士学位论文V目录摘要................................................................................................................................ IAbstract........................................................................................................................III目录...............................................................................................................................V第一章 绪论..................................................................................................................11.1 研究背景及意义.............................................................................................11.2 国内外研究现状.............................................................................................21.2.1 介电特性在农产品检测中的主要应用..............................................21.2.2 鸡蛋无损检测研究现状......................................................................41.3 论文的主要内容和思路.................................................................................61.4 本章小结.........................................................................................................8第二章 鸡蛋介电特性检测原理及测试系统..............................................................92.1 鸡蛋介电特性无损检测原理.........................................................................92.1.1 介电特性概念......................................................................................92.1.2 鸡蛋的介电特性................................................................................102.1.3 鸡蛋介电检测的等效电路模型........................................................102.2 鸡蛋品质指标...............................................................................................122.2.1 蛋的外形指标....................................................................................122.2.2 内部品质指标....................................................................................122.3 测试系统.......................................................................................................132.3.1 仪器与设备........................................................................................132.3.2 数据采集............................................................................................182.4 本章小结.......................................................................................................20第三章 基于介电特性的鸡蛋新鲜度无损检测研究................................................223.1 鸡蛋新鲜度检测试验...................................................................................223.1.1 试验材料............................................................................................223.1.2 试验步骤............................................................................................223.2 鸡蛋新鲜度预测模型的构建.......................................................................233.2.1 不同新鲜度下测试频率对鸡蛋介电特性的影响............................233.2.2 预测建模............................................................................................25基于介电特性的鸡蛋品质无损检测研究VI3.3 本章小结.......................................................................................................28第四章 基于介电特性的鸡蛋品种无损鉴别............................................................294.1 鸡蛋品种鉴别试验.......................................................................................294.1.1 试验材料............................................................................................294.1.2 试验步骤............................................................................................294.2 不同品种鸡蛋介电特性的差异...................................................................304.3 分类建模.......................................................................................................314.3.1 支持向量机........................................................................................314.3.2 SVM 模型参数的选择.......................................................................334.3.3 SVM 分类建模...................................................................................344.4 本章小结.......................................................................................................35第五章 鸡蛋品质检测系统........................................................................................375.1 系统开发工具...............................................................................................375.2 系统设计与实现...........................................................................................385.2.1 系统设计............................................................................................385.2.2 系统实现............................................................................................415.3 系统测试.......................................................................................................475.4 本章小结.......................................................................................................48第六章 总结与展望....................................................................................................496.1 工作总结.......................................................................................................496.2 展望...............................................................................................................51参考文献......................................................................................................................53致 谢............................................................................................................................58攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文..........................................................................59江苏大学硕士学位论文1章 第一章 绪论1.1 研究背景及意义鸡蛋是我们生活中重要的营养食品之一，其含有多种人体所需的营养物质，被称为“理想的营养库” [1] 。